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Rijeka (other Croatian dialects: Reka or Rika, Slovene: Reka, Italian and Hungarian Fiume, German: Sankt Veit am Flaum or Pflaum) is the principal seaport of Croatia, located on Kvarner Bay, an inlet of the Adriatic Sea. It has 144,043 inhabitants (270,000 for greater area in 2001) and is Croatia's third largest city. The majority of its citizens, 80.39% (2001 census), are Croats. The city's name means river in Croatian.[1] Rijeka is the center of Primorje-Gorski Kotar County in Croatia. The city's economy largely depends on sea transport, shipbuilding (shipyards "3. Maj" and "Viktor Lenac") and tourism.  Rijeka hosts the Croatian National Theatre "Ivan pl. Zajc", first built in 1765, as well as the University of Rijeka, founded in 1973 but with roots dating back to 1632. The local football clubs are NK Rijeka and NK Orijent. Ancient and medieval times Though traces of Neolithic settlements can be found in the region, the earliest modern settlements on the site were Celtic Tarsatica (modern Trsat, now part of Rijeka) on the hill, and the tribe of mariners, the Liburni, in the natural harbour below. The city long retained its double character.  In the time of Augustus, the Romans rebuilt Tarsatica as a municipium (MacMullen 2000) on the right bank of the small river Rječina (whose name simply means "river") as Flumen. Pliny mentioned Tarsatica (Natural History iii.140). From the 5th century onwards, the town was ruled successively by the Ostrogoths, the Byzantines, the Lombards, the Franks, the Croats and the Hungarians before coming under the control of the Austrian Habsburgs in 1466. [1].  After the 4th century the city was rededicated to St. Vitus, the city's patron saint, as Terra Fluminis sancti Sancti Viti or in German Sankt Veit am Pflaumb. In medieval times Rijeka got its Croatian name, Rika svetoga Vida (= the river of St. Vitus). Medieval Rijeka was a city surrounded by a wall and was thus a feudal stronghold. The fort was in the center of the city, at its highest point. It was protected by massive walls against external enemies but also against enemies within - the citizens of the Rijeka.  Created a free port in 1723, Rijeka during the 18th and 19th centuries was passed among the Habsburgs' Austrian, Croatian, and Hungarian possessions until being attached to Hungary for the third and last time in 1870. Although Croatia had constitutional autonomy within Hungary, the City of Rijeka was independent, governed (as a corpus separatum) directly from Budapest by an appointed governor, as Hungary's only international port. There was competition between Austria's Port of Trieste and Hungary's Port of Fiume. The Italo-Yugoslav dispute and the Free State Habsburg-ruled Austria-Hungary's disintegration in the closing weeks of World War I in the fall of 1918 led to the establishment of rival Croatian and Italian administrations in the city; both Italy and the founders of the new Kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (later the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) claimed sovereignty based on their "irredentist" ("unredeemed") ethnic populations.  After a brief Serbian occupation, an international force of Italian, French, British and American troops occupied the city (November 1918) while its future was discussed at the Paris Peace Conference during the course of 1919.[2] Free State of Fiume between 1918 and 1923 Italy based its claim on the fact that Italians were the largest single nationality within the city. Croats made up most of the remainder and were also a majority in the surrounding area, including the neighbouring town of Suak. [3] On September 10, 1919, the Treaty of Saint-Germain was signed declaring the Austro-Hungarian monarchy dissolved. Negotiations over the future of the city were interrupted two days later when a force of Italian nationalist irregulars led by the poet Gabriele d'Annunzio seized control of the city; d'Annunzio eventually established a state, the Italian Regency of Carnaro.[4]  The resumption of Italy's premiership by the liberal Giovanni Giolitti in June 1920 signalled a hardening of official attitudes to d'Annunzio's coup. On November 12, Italy and Yugoslavia concluded the Treaty of Rapallo, under which Rijeka was to be an independent state, the Free State of Rijeka/Fiume, under a regime acceptable to both.[5] D'Annunzio's response was characteristically flamboyant and of doubtful judgment: his declaration of war against Italy invited the bombardment by Italian royal forces which led to his surrender of the city at the end of the year, after a five days resistance. Italian troops took over in January 1921. The election of an autonomist-led constituent assembly for the territory did not put an end to strife: a brief Italian nationalist seizure of power was ended by the intervention of an Italian royal commissioner, and a short-lived local Fascist takeover in March 1922 ended in a third Italian military occupation. Seven months later Italy herself fell under Fascist rule. A period of diplomatic acrimony closed with the Treaty of Rome (January 27, 1924), which assigned Rijeka to Italy and Suak to Yugoslavia, with joint port administration.[6] Formal Italian annexation (March 16, 1924) inaugurated twenty years of Italian government, followed by twenty months of German military occupation in World War II. The city was heavily damaged during the war by a number of Anglo-American air attacks. The harbour area was destroyed by retreating German troops.  Climate and geography Rijeka's position overlooking the Kvarner Bay with its islands (Cres, Krk) on the south, the Učka mountain on the west, the mountains of Gorski kotar to the north and the Velebit range to the east offers an impressive natural setting. Rijeka has a Mediterranean climate with warm summers and relatively mild and rainy winters. Snow is rare (usually no more than 1-2 days per year). Temperatures range between −6 şC (in January) and 37 şC (in July). The average temperature in July is 23 şC, while the average for the coldest month, January, is 5.2 şC. The most common winter lows are around 23 şC below zero, with occasional strong and cold bora winds. Rijeka is Croatia's rainiest city with 1544 mm (60.8 inches) of rain per year. Dictionary: http://www.freelang.net/online/croatian.php Christianity in Croatia: Church of the Full Gospel / Crkva cjelovitog http://charismatic.org/croatia.htm evandelja Pastor Mario Ducic Kneza Branimira 11 Zagreb +385-1-4920-726 Evangelical Pentecostal Church "Jelenovac" Goran Punda Kosirnikova 76 Zagreb 10000 Croatia +38513701854 K.C. Riječ ivota (Word of Life Christian Center) Pastor D.Sicko Alic Maksimirska 282 Zagreb Evangelical Pentecostal Church of Croatia Evanđeoska pentekostna crkva u Hrvatskoj - Vijesti The Evangelical Pentecostal Church (EPC) in Croatia is a fusion of two leading Christian movements in the 20th and 21st centuries: evangelical and Pentecostal. The evangelical movement emphasizes Holy Scripture:the Bible as the authority for Christian belief and living, while the Pentecostal movement emphasizes the work of Holy Spirit in the lives of believers and Christian community which implements the truths from the Bible in its everyday experience. Címzett: Kosirnikova 76 Telefon: +385 98 620-883 http://www.epc.hr/ Local Churches: http://www.epc.hr/en/mjesne-crkve/mjesne-crkve.html Agape, humanitarna djelatnost Evanđeoske pentekostne Crkve Trg Drvena pijaca 2 32 Vukovar Tel/fax: 032 414 767 Nikole ipua 45 44000 Sisak Tel: 044 571 668 Učka 2a 52210 Rovinj Tel/fax: 052 830 243 Oaza, center for helping children Oaza offers temporary accommodation for children without parents or children who are lacking basic conditions for growth and development in their families. During a child's stay, Oaza's staff searches for permanent accommodation solutions. Its mission and ministry are grounded on biblical teachings about love toward your neighbor and professional rules of social work. Basic help to children in crisis consists of providing conditions for their physical, emotional and spiritual recovery and their re-socialization and basic education. Oaza is financed by offerings and donations from churches, organizations and individuals. Volunteers with a variety of education and skills help Oaza. Monte Pozzo bb 52210 Rovinj Tel/fax: (+385) (0)52 / 830-243
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